What Is an IMD in NYC? A Guide to Loft Law Buildings and the Legalization Process

In New York City, IMD stands for Interim Multiple Dwelling. An IMD is a building that was originally constructed or used for commercial or manufacturing purposes but was later converted-often informally-into residential use. These buildings are regulated under the NYC Loft Law, which exists to protect tenants while guiding owners through the legalization process.

Understanding whether your building qualifies as an IMD, and how to legalize it properly, is critical for compliance, financing, sales, and long-term asset value.

What Qualifies as an IMD?

A building may qualify as an IMD if it meets all of the following general criteria:

• Was formerly used for manufacturing, commercial, or warehouse purposes

• Had three or more residential units occupied as residences

• Was occupied during specific statutory time periods (varies by Loft Law coverage category)

• Lacks a residential Certificate of Occupancy (or has an outdated one)

Once registered, the building becomes subject to oversight by the NYC Loft Board.

🔗 NYC Loft Board Overview:https://www.nyc.gov/site/loftboard/index.page

Why IMD Status Matters

IMD buildings are in a temporary legal status. While residential use may be allowed, the building is not fully legal until it achieves a residential Certificate of Occupancy (C of O).

Failure to address IMD compliance can result in:

• Inability to refinance or sell

• DOB violations and penalties

• Tenant disputes

• Insurance and lending issues

• Delays in redevelopment or condo conversion

The Loft Law Legalization Process (High Level)

Legalizing an IMD building is complex and typically involves:

1. Loft Board Registration The building must be properly registered with the Loft Board.

2. Code Compliance Strategy A plan is developed to bring the building into compliance with:

   • Fire safety

   • Egress

   • Structural requirements

   • Accessibility (where applicable)

3. DOB Filings & Approvals Architectural and engineering plans are filed with the NYC Department of Buildings.

4. Construction & Inspections Required work is completed and inspected.

5. Certificate of Occupancy Issuance Final approval converts the building to a fully legal residential property.

🔗 Loft Law Statute (Article 7-C):https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/MDW/A7-C

🔗 NYC Department of Buildings:https://www.nyc.gov/site/buildings/index.page

Why Professional Guidance Is Essential

The Loft Law process intersects legal, architectural, engineering, and regulatory disciplines. Each building is unique, and missteps can add years and substantial cost.

Working with professionals who specialize in IMD and Loft Board matters can:

• Reduce timelines

• Prevent costly filing errors

• Coordinate consultants efficiently

• Resolve tenant and compliance issues strategically

Learn More & Take the Next Step

If you believe your building may be an IMD-or if you are already registered and need help moving toward a Certificate of Occupancy-early action is key.

📌 Helpful Resources:

• NYC Loft Board Forms & Rules:https://www.nyc.gov/site/loftboard/resources/resources.page

• Loft Board Coverage FAQs:https://www.nyc.gov/site/loftboard/about/coverage.page